Stage 2 is P&D control, stage 3 is P&I. Stage 2 intent is to control the final approach to target, if you are overshooting target it is usually stage 2 settings.
Stage 3 intent is to keep the boost on target once the target has been reached.
In laymans terms, Proportional is how much the ecu adjusts the DC based on how much error there is. Too little P = slow to reach target(or never reach target), too much P = overshoot or oscillation.
Derivative effect I find easiest to imagine as how quickly the ecu pulls back the DC when the boost is getting close to target (kind